The period when we find environmental changes, beginning about 12,000 years ago till about 10,000 years ago is called the __________?

• A. Paleolithic
• B. Mesolithic
• C. Neolithic
• D. Chalcolithic

Answer: (B)

The period described in the question, which spans from about 12,000 years ago to around 10,000 years ago, corresponds to the Mesolithic era. This era is characterized by significant climatic and environmental changes that marked the transition from the last Ice Age. During the Mesolithic, hunter-gatherer societies began to adapt to new ecosystems as forests replaced tundras, leading to changes in their lifestyle and subsistence strategies.

The Mesolithic is effectively a bridge between the Paleolithic, which is primarily associated with a nomadic lifestyle focused on hunting and gathering, and the Neolithic, known for the advent of agriculture and more permanent settlements. The advancements and adaptations that occurred in the Mesolithic set the stage for the agricultural revolution of the Neolithic period.

In summary, the Mesolithic period reflects essential adaptations in human behavior driven by environmental changes following the Ice Age, marking a critical phase in human history leading towards settled agricultural life.