The Swadeshi movement primarily focused on which of the following actions?

• A. Boycotting British goods
• B. Promoting Western education
• C. Supporting British rule
• D. Engaging in international trade

Answer: (A)

The Swadeshi movement primarily focused on boycotting British goods as a form of protest against British colonial rule in India. Launched in the early 20th century, particularly in response to the partition of Bengal in 1905, this movement encouraged Indians to promote and use local products while rejecting foreign items, especially those imported from Britain.

The rationale behind this strategy was to boost domestic industries and reduce economic dependence on British goods, thereby fostering a sense of national unity and self-reliance among Indians. The movement sought to develop indigenous industries and entrepreneurship, leading to the slogan “Swadeshi” which means "of one’s own country."

In contrast, promoting Western education, supporting British rule, and engaging in international trade do not align with the core aims of the Swadeshi movement. Instead, these options reflect alternative approaches that were either not emphasized during this era or directly counter to the movement’s objectives. The essence of the Swadeshi movement was to instill pride in Indian products while fostering a collective national identity against colonial exploitation, making the focus on boycotting British goods not just a method of protest but also a step towards economic independence.