What does 'Judicial Review' mean?

• A. The authority of the judiciary to create laws
• B. Review of judicial appointments
• C. The power of the judiciary to review laws and executive actions for their constitutionality
• D. Evaluating the performance of judges

Answer: (C)

Judicial Review refers to the power of the judiciary to assess the validity of laws and executive actions in relation to the Constitution. This power allows courts to invalidate legislation or executive orders that are found to be unconstitutional. It serves as a crucial mechanism in upholding the rule of law, ensuring that both legislative and executive branches act within their constitutional limits.

The concept is foundational in many democratic systems, including India, where it acts as a check on the powers of the other branches of government. This function of the judiciary helps protect individual rights and maintains the integrity of the Constitution.

Thus, the significance of Judicial Review lies in its role as a guardian of the Constitution, allowing the judiciary to interpret laws and hold government actions accountable, thereby reinforcing the principle of checks and balances within a governmental framework.