What does the term 'Judicial Review' mean in the Indian context?

• A. The power of the courts to review the constitutionality of legislative acts
• B. The power of the legislature to override court decisions
• C. The ability of the President to veto legislation
• D. The process of judicial appointment and removal

Answer: (A)

Judicial Review in the Indian context refers specifically to the power of the courts to examine and determine whether legislative acts, executive actions, and even constitutional amendments are in accordance with the Constitution. This principle is vital for upholding the supremacy of the Constitution and protecting fundamental rights.

When the courts engage in Judicial Review, they assess whether the laws passed by the legislature or actions taken by the government align with constitutional provisions. If any law or action is found to be unconstitutional, the courts have the authority to nullify it, which serves as a crucial check on legislative and executive powers.

This mechanism is an essential feature of the Indian democracy, as it ensures that no law or government action can contravene the Constitution, thus maintaining the rule of law and protecting individual rights against arbitrary governance.