What is the concept of 'Collective Responsibility'?

• A. The accountability of individual ministers to the President
• B. The principle that the council of ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha
• C. The obligation of citizens to uphold governmental decisions
• D. The power of the Supreme Court to review executive actions

Answer: (B)

The principle of 'Collective Responsibility' refers to the concept where the entire council of ministers is held accountable to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament in India. This foundational principle ensures that the council of ministers operates as a cohesive unit, and any significant decision affects all members equally.

When the Lok Sabha expresses a lack of confidence in the council through a vote of no confidence, it reflects the belief that the government must maintain the confidence of the majority of the legislature to remain in power. This principle not only promotes unity and shared responsibility but also reinforces the democratic tenet that the executive branch is subordinate to the legislative branch. It ensures that all ministers, despite having individual portfolios, must support and take collective responsibility for the government's policies and decisions.

By adhering to this principle, the accountability of the executive branch to the elected representatives of the people is maintained, which is fundamental in a parliamentary system of governance such as that of India.