Which amendment introduced the concept of 'Fundamental Duties' in the Constitution?

• A. 42nd Amendment
• B. 44th Amendment
• C. 86th Amendment
• D. 61st Amendment

Answer: (A)

The concept of 'Fundamental Duties' was introduced in the Constitution of India through the 42nd Amendment, which was enacted in 1976 during the Emergency period. This amendment added Article 51A to the Constitution, explicitly laying down a list of duties for citizens to promote patriotism and to uphold the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of the nation.

Fundamental Duties act as a reminder to citizens of their responsibilities towards the nation, complementing the rights provided under the Constitution. The introduction of these duties was aimed at creating awareness among citizens about their role in maintaining the democratic fabric and well-being of the country.

In contrast, the other amendments listed do not pertain to the introduction of Fundamental Duties. The 44th Amendment primarily dealt with the protection of certain rights and restrictions on the powers of the government, the 86th Amendment focused on the right to education, and the 61st Amendment concerned changes related to the voting age. Thus, the context of the 42nd Amendment underscores the significance of active citizen participation in democracy through Fundamental Duties.