Which Article prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth?

• A. Article 14
• B. Article 15
• C. Article 17
• D. Article 19

Answer: (B)

Article 15 of the Indian Constitution explicitly prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. This article is a key component of the right to equality and is aimed at ensuring that all individuals have equal access to opportunities and protections under the law, regardless of their background.

The significance of Article 15 lies in its provision that no citizen shall be discriminated against on the aforementioned grounds. It empowers the state to make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes, which further underscores its commitment to promoting equality and counteracting historical injustices. This affirmative approach not only seeks to prevent discrimination but also aims to foster an inclusive society.

In contrast, while Article 14 establishes the fundamental right to equality before the law and equality of opportunity, it does not explicitly list the grounds upon which discrimination is prohibited. Article 17 deals with the abolition of untouchability, focusing on a specific social injustice rather than a broad spectrum of discrimination. Article 19 outlines the protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession, which addresses civil liberties rather than discrimination based on personal characteristics.

Therefore, Article 15 is