Which body is responsible for the protection of fundamental rights?

• A. The Supreme Court of India
• B. The High Courts
• C. The Parliament
• D. The President

Answer: (A)

The Supreme Court of India is the primary guardian of the Constitution and has the supreme authority to protect the fundamental rights enshrined in it. Under Article 32 of the Indian Constitution, any individual whose fundamental rights are violated can approach the Supreme Court directly for relief. This power enables the Supreme Court to issue writs, such as habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, to enforce these rights effectively.

The role of the Supreme Court in safeguarding fundamental rights is pivotal in maintaining the rule of law and ensuring justice. The Court interprets and upholds these rights against any arbitrary action by the state or its instrumentalities, thereby acting as a check on the legislative and executive branches of government.

While the High Courts also play a significant role in the protection of fundamental rights at the state level and can entertain similar writs under Article 226, it is the Supreme Court that holds the ultimate authority in this regard. The Parliament, on the other hand, is responsible for making laws but is not the body that ensures the protection of rights; it can also amend fundamental rights, albeit under strict constitutional procedures. The President’s role is more ceremonial and does not directly involve the protection of fundamental rights.

Therefore,