Which institution can override a law passed by the Parliament related to fundamental rights?

• A. The Supreme Court of India
• B. The Prime Minister's Office
• C. State Legislatures
• D. The Election Commission

Answer: (A)

The institution that can override a law passed by the Parliament concerning fundamental rights is the Supreme Court of India. This authority is derived from its role as the guardian of the Constitution, particularly through the interpretation of fundamental rights enshrined in Part III of the Constitution.

When a law is passed by Parliament, it must still comply with the Constitution. If a law infringes upon or violates any fundamental rights, individuals have the right to challenge that law in the Supreme Court. The Court has the power to judicially review such laws and determine their constitutionality. If it finds a law unconstitutional, it can strike it down, effectively overriding the legislative decision made by Parliament. This process upholds the supremacy of the Constitution and protects citizens' fundamental rights, ensuring that legislative actions do not infringe upon these guaranteed rights.

While the other options may play significant roles in governance, they do not possess the authority to override laws concerning fundamental rights. The Prime Minister's Office, state legislatures, and the Election Commission function within their specific mandates but do not have the judiciary's power to nullify legislation based on constitutional grounds.